Covered Skills
Testing of these skills is covered in this pre-built test because they’re closely related. On our paid plan, you can easily create your own custom multi-skill tests.
JavaScript
JavaScript
JavaScript is the programming language of HTML and the web. It's an essential skill for any programmer working with websites and web technologies.
Closures
Closures
Closures are an important concept in any programming language in which functions are first-class citizens.
HTML/CSS
HTML/CSS
HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages. It's an essential skill for anyone creating web pages of any complexity.
CSS Selectors
CSS Selectors
Selectors are a programming pattern that can be used to select an element from a container. They are primarily used in technologies such as CSS and jQuery to apply styles to groups of elements.
Styling
Styling
Styling user interfaces according to the specification is a daily routine for a front-end developer.
Language
Language
A programmer should use a language as a tool, always taking advantage of language-specific data types and built-in functions.
Element Spacing
Element Spacing
Setting the margins and padding of the elements on a web page is one of the basic things that any web developer or designer should know.
Flexbox
Flexbox
The Flexible Box Layout Module makes it easier to design a flexible responsive layout structure.
Positioning
Positioning
Dynamic positioning of user interface elements depending on resolution is more important than ever in modern applications, making this important for a front-end developer.
Fonts
Fonts
Setting the font name or size is part of creating any web page.
Elements and Attributes
Elements and Attributes
Defining elements and their attributes is the first process in creating an HTML page.
HTML5
HTML5
HTML5 is now supported in all modern browsers, making it important for front-end developers to know how to use its features.
Animation
Animation
Animation is the process in which images or objects are manipulated to appear as if they are moving. It's a powerful effect that is important for UI designers to understand and be able to use.
Forms
Forms
Forms provide a method of grouping inputs and collecting user data. As such, they are important for all front end developers.
Hyperlink
Hyperlink
Hyperlink, or simply a link, is a reference to data that the reader can follow by clicking or tapping. There's no web page without a hyperlink.
IFrame
IFrame
The HTML Inline Frame element (iframe) represents a nested browsing context, embedding another HTML page into the current one. Web developers often use it to display content within other content.
Algorithmic Thinking
Algorithmic Thinking
When designing and/or analyzing an algorithm or data structure, it is important to consider the performance and structure of an implementation. Algorithmic thinking is one of the key traits of a good programmer, especially one working on complex or performance-critical code.
Timing Events
Timing Events
JavaScript can be executed in time-intervals. JavaScript developers use timing events to delay the execution of certain code, or to repeat code at a specific interval. Knowledge of timing events is necessary to implement features that have time as a factor.
Exceptions
Exceptions
Exceptions exist in most modern programming languages, making it important for a programmer to understand them and know how to handle them.
Serialization
Serialization
Familiarity with data serialization to and from formats such as XML and JSON is important as it is commonly used for interprocess communication
XML
XML
Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. The design goals of XML emphasize simplicity, generality, and usability across the Internet. This is one of the most used formats for exchanging data over the web.
Dictionary
Dictionary
A dictionary (or associative array) is a data type composed of a collection of key-value pairs, where each possible key appears at most once in the collection. It is used when we need to access items by their keys.
Ajax
Ajax
Ajax, which initially stood for Asynchronous JavaScript And XML, is a programming practice of building complex, dynamic webpages using a technology known as XMLHttpRequest. Knowledge of Ajax is important for web developers.
HTTP
HTTP
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. As such, it's important for all developers who work on internet applications and websites to understand this.
Promise
Promise
In JavaScript, a Promise is an object representing the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation. It allows associating handlers with an asynchronous action's eventual success value or failure reason. It is one of the commonly used asynchronous programming techniques in JavaScript.
Arrays
Arrays
An array is a container of a fixed number of objects of a similar type. It is a fundamental component of most programming languages.
CSS Advanced
CSS Advanced
Cascading Style Sheets are the styling language of the web. Knowledge about advanced CSS features is required for seasoned front-end developers.
Element Size
Element Size
Setting the size of the elements on a web page is one of the basic things that any web developer or designer should know.
JSON
JSON
JSON is an open-standard format that uses human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of attribute-value pairs. It's the most common data format used for asynchronous browser/server communication.
Pagination
Pagination
Pagination is the process of dividing data into discrete pages. It can be used to reduce the overhead of fetching large quantities of data, and as such, it is important when developing systems that fetch remote data.
Sorting
Sorting
Every programmer should be familiar with data-sorting methods, as sorting is very common in data-analysis processes.
Associative Arrays
Associative Arrays
An associative array (or dictionary) is a data type composed of a collection of key-value pairs, where each possible key appears at most once in the collection. It is used when we need to access items by their keys.
Classes
Classes
A class is one of the most widely used and primary structures used in object-oriented programming. As such it's important for any developer to have a working knowledge of how to use it.
Objects
Objects
An object is a self-contained component which consists of methods and properties to make a particular type of data useful. Knowing how to create objects, and work with them, is an essential part of OOP.
Bookmarks
Bookmarks
A bookmark is a hyperlink that points to a location within a document, which is defined by a name that is assigned to an element. Bookmarks are used when we need to jump to a specific location within a document.
Accessibility
Accessibility
Accessibility refers to the design of products, devices, services, or environments for people who experience disabilities. It's important for all designers and developers to know how to optimize for people who experience disabilities.
CSS Basics
CSS Basics
Cascading Style Sheets are the styling language of the web. Any good front-end developer requires a knowledge of basic CSS features.
Tables
Tables
A table stores data as rows and columns. From databases to HTML layouts, as a data structure they are ubiquitous. They are an important structure for developers to understand and know how to use.
Responsive Design
Responsive Design
Anyone who works with web should know how to properly implement responsive web design that makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and screen sizes.
UI
UI
An understanding of user interface design is important for any good front-end developer.
Dialog Box
Dialog Box
Dialog box, a small window that pops-up, is a common way for communicating information to the user and prompting them for a response.
Event Handling
Event Handling
Event-based design patterns are very common in modern applications, especially in the development of user interfaces.
Semantic Tags
Semantic Tags
Semantic HTML elements clearly describe their meaning in a human and machine readable way. They are used to improve page SEO.
Graphs
Graphs
Many real-life situations are best modeled by graphs. Therefore, an in-depth knowledge of graph data structures is important for a good programmer.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is a front-end web framework for designing websites and web applications. It contains HTML and CSS based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components, as well as optional JavaScript extensions.
Grid Layout
Grid Layout
Grid components allow developers to easily specify layouts that are responsive to screen size. As the modern web is used on mobile phones as much as desktop systems, it's and important concept for any front end developers to be familiar with.
Borders
Borders
Borders can be applied to most HTML elements within the body. This is one of the most used element decorations.
Inline Styles
Inline Styles
Inline styles are styles that are applied directly on elements. This is one of the ways for applying styles and for some scenarios, such as for email, is the only supported way.
Selectors
Selectors
Selectors are a programming pattern that can be used to select an element from a container. They are primarily used in technologies such as CSS and jQuery to apply styles to groups of elements.
Strings
Strings
The string data structure is used to represent text. It is one of the most commonly used data structures. Therefore, every programmer should be skilled at string manipulation.
CSS Layout
CSS Layout
Cascading Style Sheets are the styling language of the web. For a front-end developer, a knowledge of CSS layouts is required.
Cards
Cards
A Bootstrap card component is a content container that includes options for images, headers, footers, etc. Developers and designers often use it for displaying an entity like a video on a web site.
Components
Components
Components are used in many frameworks and languages as the building blocks of an application.
Badges
Badges
Badges are used to add additional information to any content. Developers and designers often use them when they want to specify additional properties of an entity on the web page.
Buttons
Buttons
A button is any graphical control element that gives the user a simple way to trigger an event. Developers use them to trigger most actions, like searching for a query using a search engine.
Content Manipulation
Content Manipulation
Adding or modifying content is the most common task when developing dynamic web pages.
DOM Manipulation
DOM Manipulation
Dynamically accessing and updating user interface elements is an important part of most modern web applications.
Plugins
Plugins
Most frameworks let developers write their own extensions and plugins. It is important for developers to understand this design pattern because it allows them to tailor their applications to their specific needs.
Arithmetic
Arithmetic
Arithmetic is a fundamental branch of mathematics. An understanding of arithmetic concepts, and their application, is important for every candidate.
Iteration
Iteration
Iteration is the act of repeating a process, or cycling through a collection. Iteration is one of the fundamental flow control tools available to developers.
Regex
Regex
A regular expression (regex) is a special text string for describing a search pattern. It is a common way for extracting data from text.
Attribute Manipulation
Attribute Manipulation
Getting and setting HTML attributes is one of the most common coding tasks of that changes something on a web page.
Recursion
Recursion
A good programmer should be familiar with when to use recursive functions, since they can provide elegant solutions for complex problems.
Bug Fixing
Bug Fixing
Everyone makes mistakes. A good programmer should be able to find and fix a bug in their or someone else's code.
ECMAScript 2015
ECMAScript 2015
ECMAScript 2015 adds a significant number of features to JavaScript, including classes, modules and range based loops. As such it's important for any JavaScript developer to understand.
Asynchronous Calls
Asynchronous Calls
Calling methods asynchronously is a common task for programmers.
Callback
Callback
A callback is a piece of code that can be passed as an argument to another bit of code. It's a very common pattern that has a wide variety of uses, and as such it's important to understand.
Monkey Patching
Monkey Patching
Monkey Patching is a method of either adding new or overriding existing functionality without the creation of a new type. As such it's an important tool for developers to be familiar with.
Recommended Job Roles
These are the job roles that we recommend for the HTML/CSS, JavaScript, and Bootstrap online test.
Bootstrap Developer